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3D Models of Some Figurines from the Swabian Aurignacian
New Insights into the Markings
Abstract 3D scanning is an advantageous technique for the documentation and conservation of archaeological remains. In 2017, the State Office for Cultural Heritage of Baden-Württemberg in cooperation with the respective museums produced 3D laser scans and Structure-from-Motion (SFM) photogrammetric images of the Aurignacian figurative artworks from the cave sites of the Swabian Jura (SW-Germany) (Steffen and Steffen 2017). The laser scans provide 3D models of the objects’ surface topography. In addition to the shape, the SFM images document the color of the objects in high resolution. Both methods combine the high geometric resolution of the surface with the high-quality color textures. Besides the documentation and the conservation of information about archaeological finds, 3D models are a very useful tool for the study of small and fragile objects. The figurines from the Swabian Aurignacian are among the oldest evidence of figurative art, dating to 43,000 to 34,000 cal BP (Conard and Bolus 2003; 2008; Higham et al. 2012). An extensive study of the markings on the figurines and tools from this assemblage has been recently completed using analysis of the originals and microscopic 2D images (Dutkiewicz 2021). In this paper, I will use the 3D models of some selected figurines from Vogelherd and Hohle Fels Caves to analyze the markings, compare the 2D and 3D images, and point out the advantages and disadvantages of both documentation methods.
Keywords Swabian Aurignacian, Palaeolithic art, Figurines, Markings, 3D and 2D images
