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7 Russia and the Rivalry for Oil and Gas in the South China Sea
Abstract One of the dimensions of the South China Sea conflict relates to the struggle for energy resources on the sea’s continental shelf. This chapter explores the characteristics of Russian oil and gas projects in the South China Sea as well as the prospects and obstacles for their realisation. Russia is tied into the oil and gas resources of the South China Sea primarily through its joint projects with Vietnam. Russian collaboration with Vietnam in the hydrocarbon sphere is distinguished by a long history of interaction in this field, strategic partnerships with both Vietnam and China (the main opponent of Hanoi in the South China Sea conflict), and a complex approach to energy cooperation. Today, Russia faces serious challenges in its energy policy in the South China Sea: rivalry with foreign companies, indirect pressure from China, tense Vietnam–China relations (and, as a result, Hanoi’s mistrust of Moscow), and confrontation with the West.
Keyswords South China Sea, Russia–Vietnam relations, Russia–China relations, energy cooperation
